Most electronic DC loads such as microprocessors, microcontrollers, LEDs, transistors, integrated circuits, motors, etc. come with standard power sources such as batteries. Unfortunately, the main problem with batteries is that the voltage is too high or too low. Therefore, SMPS will provide a tuned DC output. Is a versatile power supply because we can choose different topologies such as boost (boost), input and output power depending on the type of application. Since we need SMPS as the main factor, transistor voltage drop. For example, suppose we have a 3V lithium battery with a 1.8V load that absorbs 100mA of current. When the heat is 0.12W, the power is wasted in the transistor, so the power efficiency is 40%. Switching power supplies have more or less the functionality of discrete SMPS designs, allowing engineers to experiment with custom project designs. Compared to linear regulated power supply, because it will result in stable and adjustable DC power supply, which can provide power in a given physical specification (size, weight, and cost). Although there are many design types of SMPS power supplies, the designs are more or less similar to the structure shown above. The main types of SMPS designs are:
AC to DC, with the AC power as the input, we get a stable DC at the output,
DC to DC boost converter, in which the input DC voltage is boosted, that is, the output voltage is greater than the input and
A DC to DC converter in which the input DC voltage, the output voltage, is less than or equal to the input voltage
